Machine fob backing mibbobs and similab abticles



' June 11, 1929. F. R. WCHAEL 1,717,113

MACHINE FOR BACKING MIRRORS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES Fil y 1927 2. Sheets-Shet 1 F. R. MICHAEL Filed May 27, 1927 MACHINE FOR BACKING MIRRORS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 2/ l- 1 IIH Ill "LN! 1.. J9 HI:

F I L L- L Z7 M IV I l U I g4 Z9 Z3 -45 30 ZZ Z39 if 17 14 i6 WW: Ir l 37 Q [I ill] 34 Z7- 31 26- 33 2.91 30 R 22 17 i3 l'l 8 19 [1 H HI'M I 27' i| g4 25 9 ilrw- I I Patented June 11, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK R. MICHAEL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO JULIUS ABRAHAMS, OF MILLIBOURNE, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR BACKING MIRRORS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES.

Application filed May 27, 1927. Serial N... 194,793.

This invention relates to improvements in machines for backing mirrors and similar articles and for making buttons and button like devices.

An object of the invention is to provide a novel, simple and eflicient machine having fewer parts and being less expensive to manufacture than machines heretofore employed for doing the same work. Another object of the invention is to provide means for effecting uniform pressure around the annular die partsduring the forming operation thereof; and a further object of the invention is to provide a machine in which the parts of the product thereof may be easily inspected for proper relationship and easily corrected in cases of improper relationship while being assembled.

Vith the foregoing and related objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention:

Figure 1 is a side view of a machine for backing mirrors and similar articles, embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through the die members of the machine. 7

Figures 3, 4 and 5 are views similar to Fig. 2, showing different positions of the die members.

Figure 6 is a front view of a mirror provided with a backing as formed by my improved machine.

Figure 7 is a section through the backed mirror shown in Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings, the frame of the machine comprises a bed plate 2 constructed to be secured to a table or other suitable support, and an arm or standard 3 rising fixedly from the rearward portion of the bed plate and overhanging the thereof.

Fulcrumed, at 4, on the overhanging end portion of the arm 3 is a hand operated arm or lever-5 having a handle 6 formed on one end portion thereof and having a cam 7 formed on the other end portion thereof.

Beneath the cam 7 is a vertically arranged rod or plunger 8 fitted to slide vertically in bearings 9 and 10 which project forwardly from the standard 3. The upper end of the forward portion plunger 8 is provided with an anti-friction roller which is pressed against the cam 7 by a spring 11 which encircles the plunger 8 and bears against the top of the bearing 9 and the bottom of a collar 12 which engages a pin extending transversely through the plunger.

When the hand lever 5 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, the plunger 8 is in its raised position, and when the lever 5 is moved forwardly and downwardly, the cam 7 will force the plunger 8 downwardly against the action of the spring 11.

Beneath the plunger 8 is a die post 13 which rises from the bed plate 2 in axial alinement with the plunger, and surrounding the post 13 is a vertically-movable lower die sleeve 14 having an annular flange 15 proecting outwardly therefrom a slight distance below the top thereof. Upward movement of the sleeve 14 is limited by a pin 16 projecting from the sleeve 14 into a slot 17 in the post 13 and constructed to engage the top of the slot. The sleeve 14 is held yieldingly in the raised position shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 by a spring 18 which surrounds the post 13 and sleeve 14 between an annular flange 19 on the post and the flange 15 on the sleeve 14. When the sleeve 14 is in the raised or normal position shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4 a cavity 20 is formed within the sleeve above the top of the post 13, and within this cavity 20 is a removable die member 21 which rests upon the post 13 and forms, in effect. a continuation thereof which extends to the top of the sleeve 14 or substantially so. The top of the inner wall of the lower die sleeve 14 terminates in an outwardly flared, beveled or curved, annular, forming surface 22 for a purpose hereinafter described.

Above the lower die sleeve 14 and in axial alinement therewith is an upper die sleeve 23 which surrounds a central cylindrical die member 24 which is vertically movable within the sleeve 23. A pin 25, projecting from the sleeve 23 and into a slot 26 in the member 24, is adapted to engage the lower end of the slot and limit the upward movement of the member 24 relatively to the sleeve 23; and an annular flange 27, projecting outwardly from the upper end of the member 24 is adapted to engage the upper end of the sleeve 23 and limit the downward movement of the member 24 relatively to the sleeve. When the die member 24 is raised within the sleeve 23, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a cavity 28 is formed within the sleeve 23 beneath the bottom of the member 24.

The lower end portion 29 of the upper sleeve 23 is expanded and surrounds the upper end portion of the lower sleeve 14 and provides an annular shoulder which sur rounds the bottom of the cavity 28 and which is adapted to rest upon the top of the lower sleeve 14.

Surrounding the upper sleeve 23 and member 24 is a collar 31 which rests upon the expanded lower portion 29 of the sleeve 23 and extends to the top of the member 24 when the member is in the raised position shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The purpose of this collar 31 is to cause the plunger 8 to depress the upper sleeve 23 and therewith the lower sleeve 14 against the action of the spring 18 without depressing the member 24 within the upper sleeve 23 when the plunger 8 is depressed from its normal position and to permit the plunger 8 to depress themember 24 within 7 the sleeve 23, and, thereafter, to permit the plunger 8 to depress the. sleeves 23 and 14 as a unit, after the collar 31 has been removed from the sleeve 23 and the plunger 8 is again depressed from its normal position.

I The upper die sleeve 23 with the die member 24 therein is removable from the lower die sleeve 14 when the plunger 8 is raised, for purposes presently appearing.

The mirror provided with a backing shown in Figs; 6 and 7 comprises a glass mirror disc 42, a backing shell 43, an ornamental paper disc 44, an outer covering of transparent celluloid 45, a collet 46 and a filling of corrugated paper 47. The collet 46 is pressed into the shell '43 within the surrounding, annular flange 38 of the shell and the annular edge portions of the paper disc 44 and'celluloid disc 45 are folded around the shell flange 38 and clamped between the inner surface thereof and the inserted collet 46. The mirror disc 42 is held in place between the collet 46 and the shell 43 and the piece of corrugated paper 47 is interposed between the mirror disc and the shell and serves as a cushion to hold the mirror disc firmly against the collet.

' In backing a mirror likethat shown in Figs. 6 and 7 by the aid of my improved machine, the upper die sleeve 23 with the cen tral die member 24 therein and the collar 31.

thereon are removed from the lower die sleeve 14. This done a shell 43 is placed over the removable die member 21, a disc of transparent-celluloid 45 and a disc of paper 44 are placed within the lower expanded portion 29 of the upper die sleeve 23 against the shoulder 30 therein and the assembled upper die sleeve 1 23, die member 24 and collar 31 are returned as a unit to the top of the lower die sleeve 14, as shown in Fig. 2, the discs 44 and 45 being held in place within the upper die sleeve 23 during its return to the lower die sleeve 14 by the frictional engagement of the discs with the sleeve. With the parts now in positions shown in Fig. 2, the hand lever 5 is moved forwardly and downwardly, thereby lowering the plunger 8 which engages the upper end of the collar 31 and forces it and the die sleeves 23 and 14 down against the action of the spring 13 to the position shown in Fig. 3, thereby pressing the discs 44 and 45 and the shell 43 up into the cavity 28 within the sleeve 23 and foldingthe edges of the discs down around the flange of the shell 43. The hand lever 5 is then raised to its normal position shown in Fig. 1, permitting the springs 18 and 11 to raise the die sleeves'and the plunger, respectively, to normal position. As the spring 13 thus raises the die sleeves to normal position, the discs 44 and 45 and the shell 43 are held within the upper sleeve 23 by frictional contact with each other and with the sleeve, and they are thereby stripped from the die member 21 and remain within the cavity 23 as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The upper die sleeve 23, member 24 and collar 31 are now bodily removed from the lower die sleeve 14, the die member 21 is removed from within the cavity 20 in the lower die sleeve 14, a collet 46 is placed within the cavity 20, a glass mirror disc 42 is placed within the collet 46, and a piece of corrugated paper 47 is placed upon the mirror disc 42, as shown in Fig. 4. The collar 31 is then removed from the upper die sleeve 23 and the sleeve 23 with lUU the discs 44 and 45-and the shell 43 therein are placed back upon the lower die sleeve 14, as shown in Fig. 4. The hand lever 5 is now operated again to depress the plunger 8. During the initial downward movement of the plunger 8, it forces the central die member 24 downwardly within the sleeve 23, thereby forcing the discs 44 and 45 and shell 43 downwardly within the sleeve 23 until the flange 27 of the member 24 engages the top of the sleeve 23. As the discs 44 and 45 and shell 43 are thus forced downwardly, the edges of the discs 44 and 45 which project below the bottom of the flange of the shell 43 engage the annular, beveled or curved, forming surface 22 of the lower sleeve 14 and are thereby turned inwardly beneath the flange of the shell and over the collet 46. As the plunger 8 continues its downward movement after the flange 27 engages the top of the sleeve 23, the plunger 8 forces the sleeves 23 and 14 as a unit down to the position shown in Fig. 5,

'flangeof the shell 43 and firmly clamped between the inner surface of the shell flange and the outer surface of the collet as the shell flange is forced down around the collet. This completes the forming and assembling operation. The hand lever 5 is then raised to normal position, the upper die sleeve 23 and the member 2a therein are removed from the lower die sleeve 14 and the backed mirror within the cavity 20 of the lower sleeve 14 is removed therefrom.

lVhile I have herein shown and described my invention in connection with the backing of mirrors I desire it to be understood that it is not limited to this particular use but may be employed for dissembling collects and shells with covers for the shells clamped between the shells and the collets as herein shown for any desired purpose.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination of a frame, a die post thereon, a vertically movable lower die sleeve surrounding the post and extending above the top of the same in the normal position thereof and having an internal groove whose lower wall forms a crimping shoulder, a spring yieldably supporting said sleeve in its normal position, a removable die member resting upon said post within said sleeve and extending above said shoulder, an upper die sleeve resting upon said lower die sleeve, a central die member vertically slidable within the upper sleeve, a vertically movable plunger above said central die member and constructed to engage the same and move it downwardly when the plunger is moved downwardly, and means in one position thereof preventing the plunger from moving the central die member relatively to the upper die sleeve and shiftable out of effective position for permitting the plunger to move the central die member relatively to the upper sleeve.

2. The combination of a frame, a die post thereon, a vertically movable lower die sleeve surrounding the post and extending above the top of the same in the normal position thereof and having an internal groove whose lower wall forms a crimping shoulder, a spring yieldably supporting said sleeve in its normal position, a removable die member resting upon said post within said sleeve and extending above said shoulder, an upper die sleeve resting upon said lower die sleeve and having an external shoulder formed thereon, a central die member vertically slidable within the upper sleeve and constructed to extend above the same when raised, and a removable collar surrounding the upper sleeve and resting upon the shoulder thereon. a vertically movable plunger above said collar and said central die member and constructed to engage said collar and move it and the upper sleeve downwardly when the collar is in place and the plunger is moved downwardly, and to engage said central die member and move it downwardly relatively to the upper sleeve when the collar is removed therefrom and the plunger is moved downwardly.

3. The combination of a frame, a die post thereon, a vertically movable lower die sleeve surrounding the post and extending above the top of the same in'the normal position thereof and having an internal groove whose lower wall forms a crimping shoulder, a spring yieldably supporting said sleeve in its normal position, a removable die member resting upon said post within said sleeve and eX- tending above said shoulder, an upper die sleeve resting upon said lower die sleeve and having an annular shoulder formed therein, the interior diameter of the upper sleeve above the shoulder therein being less than the interior diameter thereof below the shoulder therein, a central die member vertically slidable within the upper sleeve above the shoulder therein, a vertically movable plunger above said central die member and constructed to engage the same and move it downwardly when the plunger is moved downwardly, and means in one position thereof preventing the plunger from moving the central die member relatively to the upper die sleeve and shiftable out of effective position for permitting the plunger to move the central die member relatively to the upper sleeve.

4. The combination of a frame, a die post thereon, a vertically movable lower die sleeve surrounding the post and extending above the top of the same in the normal position thereof and having an internal groove whose lower wall forms a crimping shoulder, a spring yieldably supporting said sleeve in its normal position, a removable die member resting upon said post within said sleeve and extending above said shoulder, an upper die sleeve resting upon said lower die sleeve and having an annular shoulder formed therein, the interior diameter of the upper sleeve above the shoulder therein being less than the interior diameter thereof below the shoulder therein, said upper sleeve having an external shoulder formed thereon, a central die member vertically slidable within the upper sleeve above the shoulder therein, and a removable collar surrounding the upper sleeve and resting upon the shoulder thereon, a vertically movable plunger above said collar and said central die member and constructed to engage said collar and move it and the upper sleeve downwardly when the collar is in place and the plunger is moved downwardly, and to engage said central die member and move it downwardly relatively to the upper sleeve when the collar is removed therefrom and the plunger is moved downwardly.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

FREDERICK R. MICHAEL. 

